Managed bees are exposed to pesticides through multiple routes. Bees foraging on crop flowers can be exposed by direct sprays, through contact with flowers, and orally through ingested pollen and/or nectar9. Bees in the colony can be exposed orally and through contact during the consumption and ...
BPA-exposure has been linked to impaired human reproduction, development and metabolism (Rochester, 2013, Vandenberg et al., 2013) resulting in a more restrictive regulation of BPA. Along these lines, BPA was banned from baby bottles within the EU in 2011 and BPA-utilization in consumer products...