Recent studies suggest that progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with a decreased frequency of the hepatic CD4 +T cells, as well as a predominance of the inflammatory immunological pattern. To determine whether the inhibition of ...
巨噬细胞,人类的保卫细胞,正在试图吞噬油滴。 A major component of the immune system, a helper t-cell is under attack by HIV/ AIDS. 免疫系统的重要组成部分:辅助T细胞(CD4+T细胞),正被HIV病毒(蓝色)攻击。 latecomers in immunesystem evolution, B-cells, like this specimen covered with bacteria, pr...
CD4+ 'helper' T cells (TH cells) have several important roles during the development and maintenance of CTL responses, including the enhancement of clonal expansion during priming, facilitating the entry of effectors into inflamed tissues, and promoting the long-term homeostatic survival of memory ...
Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM cells) provide rapid and superior control of localized infections. While the transcription factor Runx3 is a critical regulator of CD8+ T cell tissue residency, its expression is repressed in CD4+ T cells. Here, we show that, as a direct consequence of th...
Single cell RNAseq shows that only a small number of CD4 T cells in the lungs of chronically infected mice are polyfunctional. While the origin and causal relationship between T-cell dysfunction and recrudescence remains uncertain, we propose T cell dysfunction leads to a feed-forward loop that ...
spiralis, cell-specific IL-4Ralpha signalling on CD4(+) T cells (Lck(cre) IL-4Ralpha(-/flox)) and macrophages/neutrophils (LysM(cre) IL-4Ralpha(-/flox)) was analysed on the BALB/c background. Infection of wild-type and control IL-4Ralpha(-/flox) mice induced a Th2-type immune...
Store-operated calcium entry in CD4+ T helper cells is essential for activation of the transcription factor NFAT, which promotes expression of the T helper 1 cell-lineage-determining transcription factor T-bet. We show that NFAT synergizes with interfero
Presumably, CD4 helper T cells recognizing the immunogenic marker protein EGFP provide linked help for the induction of TRP2aa180–188-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. To support this hypothesis, we genetically immunized groups of CD4-deficient C57BL/6 mice with the expression plasmids pCMV-EGFP....
demonstrated a crosstalk between PD-1 and CD134 (OX40) regarding T-helper-cell differentiation and anti-plasmodium humoral immunity in humans [8]. The CD134/OX40L axis is pivotal for the CD4+ differentiation toward effector T-cells. On the other hand, T-cell activation can be dampened by...
Removal of CD4+ T cells by crossing the pmel-1 CLTA-4–/– mouse onto a Rag-1–/– background resulted in the complete abrogation of CD8+ T-cell activation and autoimmune manifestations. The effects of CD4+ CLTA-4–/– T cells were dependent on the absence of CTLA-4 on CD8+ T ...