Chapter 3The Things in IoT: Sensors and Actuators3.1 IntroductionThe Internet of Things (IoT) was def i ned in Chap. 1 as the intersection of theInternet, things, and data. Processes and standards were also added for a morecomprehensive IoT def i nition. Things were def i ned as anything...
This chapter first defines the "Things" in IoT and then describes the key requirements for things to be able communicate over the Internet.doi:10.1007/978-3-319-99516-8_3Ammar RayesSamer SalamRayes, A., and S. Salam. 2016. "The Things in IoT: Sensors and Actuators." In Internet of ...
The Internet of Things (IoT) aims for the widespread diffusion of connected devices (sensors and actuators) that can interact with each other and cooperate to achieve a digital representation of the physical world with little human involvement (Atzori et al. 2010). IoT technologies are among the...
Customization is performed in two ways: hardware customization and software customization. In hardware customization, a user can add/remove IoT sensors/actuators, which are made self-aware by our technique, to/from the IoT system without knowing any hardware details of those sensors/actuators. For ...
IoT sensor technology was implemented to perform a noninvasive and nonvisual disease detection. IoT sensors were placed next to maize varieties post inoculation for measuring the following parameters: (1) total volatile organic compounds (VOCs), (2) soil's nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (NPK), ...
The Internet of Things envisions a Web-connected infrastructure of sensing and actuation devices. However, the current state of the art presents another reality: monolithic end-to-end applications tightly coupled to a limited set of sensors and actuators. Growing such applications with new devices ...
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An embedded system might comprise multiple sensors and actuators. For example, a system might include several sensors that gather environmental information, which is converted and sent to the processor. Once processed, the data is converted again and sent on to several actuators, which carry out pr...
The device layer comprises all kinds of smart, connected devices or non-electronic objects that are enhanced with cameras and/or sensors and, optionally, actuators. Sensors take in data from the outer world and convert it into electrical signals so that it can be processed by a computer. IoT...
Things are fitted with electronics, software, actuators and sensors. They can be battery operated, electricity powered or use RFID transponders. Things collect raw data from the environments. Each thing has a unique identifiable address and of varying computational capability and complexity. ...