In this report, we present the case of a 28-year old transgender man diagnosed with grade 3 invasive breast carcinoma two years after bilateral mastectomy. The patient had a negative family history of cancer and had been on testosterone therapy for 2.5 years. We critically discuss the potential...
Despite overall improvement in breast cancer patient outcomes from earlier diagnosis and personalised treatment approaches, some patients continue to experience recurrence and incurable metastases. It is therefore imperative to understand the molecular c
To evaluate common breast tumor prognostic characteristics, including estrogen receptor (ER) status, grade, size, and method of detection, in relationship to mammographic density. The study involved 121 women who had negative results at both screening mammography and breast physical examination within 17...
for whom the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy is uncertain, like patients with low-volume lymph node metastases, or patients with ER-positive/lymph node–negative breast cancer, has also been established. For example, histologic grade is an independent prognostic factor in breast cancer patients with...
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a stage 0 breast cancer characterized by the abnormal proliferation of epithelial cells within the ductal-lobular system of the breast. It accounts for approximately 20% cases of newly diagnosed breast cancer.1,2,3Based on architectural patterns, DCIS has been...
Several oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes have been shown to be implicated in the development, progression and response to therapy of invasive breast cancer. The phenotypic uniqueness (and thus the heterogeneity of clinical behavior) among patients’
A larger study of IDCs is now needed to further evaluate the correlation between E-cadherin and tumour grade to estimate its prognostic potential. 展开 关键词: E-cadherin Histologic Types Invasive Breast Cancer Breast Carcinomas Histological Features ...
Decreased zinc is evident in Grade 1 well-differentiated malignancy and in Grade 2 and Grade 3 carcinomas. Among the twenty-five cancer cases in this study, none exhibited increased zinc in the invasive ductal carcinoma compared to the zinc level in the normal ductal epithelium.ConclusionsThe ...
In this study, we correlated the expression patterns of claudins with the molecular subtypes of breast cancer. On the basis of immunohistochemical expression, 226 grade 3 invasive ductal carcinomas were stratified into 65 luminal (estrogen receptor positive (ER+)), 65 HER2+, 86 basal-like, ...
Breast cancer is a global health issue affecting 2.3 million women per year, causing death in over 600,000. Mammography (and biopsy) is the gold standard for screening and diagnosis. Whilst effective, this test exposes individuals to radiation, has limit