2015). The major objectives of the German wolf monitoring are the annual assessment of the area of occurrence and the population size given as the minimum number of packs (including reproductions), scent-marking pairs and territorial single wolves. In Germany, all wolf monitoring activities are ...
natural habitats. Considering the large distance (>400 km) to the source population in Eastern Poland as well as the dispersal patterns known for wolves in other areas, including Poland (Nowak and Mysłajek2016; Szewczyk et al.2019), we predicted that (i) we would find an initial found...