Of particular interest are those decision problems that can be modeled as linear programs with interval objective function coefficients. The minimax regret solution for these formulations can be found using an
Sections 3.2.1–3.2.3 discuss three recent developments focussing on the efficient approximation of the objective function by use of surrogate models in the context of interval analysis. 3.2.1 Local expansion approaches In these approaches, the goal function of an optimisation procedure is ...
Accordingly, a CFS is an extension of the FS, whose range is extended from closed interval [0, 1] to a disk of radius one in a complex plane. The membership function of CFS X is denoted as μX(u) and defined on the universal U as; for any u∈U a complex value in the disk ...
(1) Teaching the details of a subject. With regard to software, training provides instruction for each command and function in an application. Contrast with education. (2) In communications, the process by which two modems determine the correct protocols and transmission speeds to use. (3) In...
Ã(x) = 1+ 1 x−a 2 b (4) The membership function of the IT2 Cauchy FS has two forms. The first form is given as: Ã(x) = 1+ 1 x−a ,b ∈ 2 b, b b (5) where a is a fixed center and b is an uncertain spread. The second form is: Ã(x) = 1+ 1...
If all secondary grades μA˜(x,u) are equal to 1, then A˜ is an interval type-2 fuzzy set. The computation of interval type-2 fuzzy sets is simpler than that of general type-2 fuzzy sets. The FOU is a two-dimensional representation of an interval type-2 set that represents th...
The uncertainties inherent in the NCSs are effectively depicted by employing the lower and upper membership functions of an IT2 fuzzy model. Theoretical results are presented and confirmed through illustrative examples, which validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in addressing the control ...
Screening process A member of the study team provides an overview of the study and determines initial interest in participation either in-person or via phone. The potential risks and benefits of participation are described. Potential partici- pants are informed that participating in the study is ...
GAD status was not an inclusion/exclusion criterion; participants were classified after baseline testing to allow exploratory analyses. According to power analysis with G*Power, assuming a two-tail α = 0.05 and a correlation of r = 0.7 between repeated measures, 38 participants would provide >80...
It is an increasing step function through time, with steps of unit size provided there are no simultaneous arrivals. More generally, let N(t1,t2) denote the number of events that occur in (t1,t2]. Clearly N(t1,t2)=N(t2)-N(t1). A point process may formally be specified by joint ...