like numerical weather models. This is achieved by training a statistical model that provides a function between measuredTavalues and a set of relevant auxiliary data (or predictors) available for the whole study region, such as LST. Zhang and Du [34] and Taheri-Shahraiyni...
See [1] for further details of these function spaces. The cost Jfd is stationary in the displacement when x satisfies: 0 = 1 2 δJfd δx (x, x¯ ) = Bfd(x, x¯) − Ffd(x, x¯), ∀x¯ ∈ H2(Ω, RN ) (3.1) where Bfd and Ffd are defined by: Bfd(x, x¯...
To achieve this, we can either interpolate or construct a smooth function g(s) that represents the variation in the data and is robust against outliers. The data that will be modeled is a pure spatiotemporal process, namely, the absolute total electron count (TEC). Assuming weak stationarity...
A multiple-input follower amplifier is coupled through a configuration of switching devices to an upper reference voltage at a number of its inputs and to a lower reference voltage
Finally, OK performs, at each pixel, a weighted average of the values in the surrounding observation points with the weights calculated as a function of the semivariogram. The assumptions of OK are normality and first and second order stationarity, that is, the mean and the variance are ...
Comparing to two state-of-the-art estimators, we show that an optimized power scaling has a lower systematic bias and lower mean-squared-error in noisy conditions for ten out of twelve common windowing functions. Keywords: acoustics; discrete Fourier transforms; frequency estimation; interpolation; ...
The evaluation criteria include the percentage bias (PBIAS) and the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) [34] NSE = 1− ∑iN=1(Oi − Mi)2 ∑iN=1 Oi − O 2 PBIAS = 100 ·∑iN=1(Oi − Mi)2 ∑1N Oi where O is the mean of the observed value and other notations are as ...
(or the mean function that is assumed to be deterministic and continuous) and a residual component e(s0) (the zero-mean random 'error' process satisfying a stationarity assumption), as seen in the following equation: Zˆ (s0) = m(s0) + e(s0) (6) Within the different spatial ...