internal energy n.SymbolU The sum of kinetic, potential, chemical, electrical, nuclear, and other energy associated with the atoms and molecules of a system. An increase in internal energy results in a rise in temperature or a change in phase. ...
The specific internal energy (u) of a substance is its internal energy per unit mass. It equals the total internal energy (U) divided by the total mass (m). Example: Determine the specific internal energy of 12 lbm of steam if the total internal energy is 23,000 Btu. Solution:...
the development direction of the FTT studies for the theoretical ICE cycle, introduced FTT into the thermodynamics analysis of working process of an Otto cycle, and analyzed and compared the thermodynamic process of the Otto cycle from the point of view of energy and available energy, respectively...