Van der Waals forces, relatively weak electric forces that attract neutral molecules to one another in gases, in liquefied and solidified gases, and in almost all organic liquids and solids. The forces are named for the Dutch physicist Johannes Diderik v
Intermolecular Forces, continued Section 5 Molecular Geometry Chapter 6 Intermolecular Forces, continued The strongest intermolecular forces exist between polar molecules. Because of their uneven charge distribution, polar molecules have dipoles. A dipole is created by equal but opposite charges that are s...
H-O or H-N) ◦ an unshared electron pair on a nearby electronegative ion or atom (generally F, O or N) Hydrogen bonds (4 to 25 kJ/mol, or larger) are weaker than covalent bonds but stronger than most dipole-dipole or dispersion forces. ...