Considering the limited number of companies in the market, incumbents possess more pricing power over their customer base (and can fend off competition by offering lower prices that unprofitable companies cannot match).
We suggest that the effect of space charge can be described in terms of three distinct mechanisms: an increase of the entrance divergence angle; a current sensitivity of the focal spot; and the effect of a nonuniform distribution. The first two can be calculated by means of an envelope ...
(2014), these alternative K-functions do not rely on a circular formulation in terms of events which are reachable by shortest path distances within a given radii. Instead, these newly introduced K-functions explicitly consider all points that fall onto edges for various sets of vertices, e.g...
Intensity in physics refers to the magnitude of physical quantities and can be measured in multiple ways. For both sound and light waves, the intensity was calculated by dividing power output by area and subsequently using a logarithmic equation to compare a given object's intensity to that of ...
Microglia are important players in surveillance and repair of the brain. Implanting an electrode into the cortex activates microglia, produces an inflammatory cascade, triggers the foreign body response, and opens the blood-brain barrier. These changes can impede intracortical brain-computer interfaces ...
The achromatism can be achieved not only in RGB range, but also in near-infrared and mid-infrared range. Furthermore, the amplitude coefficients of the PB phase terms depend on the phase retardation, which can be flexibly regulated by the voltage applied to the liquid crystal molecules. This...
Related Terms Recommended Publications Featured Authors Chapters and Articles You might find these chapters and articles relevant to this topic. Chapter Characteristics of light sources 1.5.2 Luminous intensity In photometry, luminous intensity is a measure of the wavelength-weighted power emitted by a ...
To summarize the results of the model selector described by Torres (2020), it was found that adding weights to rising instances when training the model selector always yielded improvement over not using weights in terms of intensity prediction performance. The addition of sample weights yielded ...
As in Fig. 62, the mean difference between the target and the background is expressed in terms of the smallest unit increments on the Tektronix 611 display on which the stimuli were generated. In contrast, Fig. 65 shows the patterns of mean response times generated by the computer ...
The results indicate that, for the present sample, the scales yield similar results in terms of the number of subjects who respond correctly to them and their predictive validity. However, when considering the remaining 3 criteria, the 101-point numerical rating scale appears to be the most ...