IEs, in contrast to ODEs and PDEs, are non-local equations1since to evaluate the integral operator\(\mathop{\int}\nolimits_{\alpha (t)}^{\beta (t)}{G}_{\theta }(\bullet ,t,s){\rm{d}}s:{\mathcal{A}}\longrightarro
What is the difference between a sine function and a cosine function? If f(x) = x^2 + 8x + 3 and g(x) = 8x - 1, find (f(g)(-3). What is the probability that X is at least 20? Simplify: 6/3x+12 + 8/4 Compute the exact value of the following sum: \sum_{k=1}^{...
after using partial fractions to prove his main formula, obtained formally by allowing the parameters $n, p, zeta and theta$ to take particular, even pure imaginary, values : the Fourier cosine and two-sided Laplace transforms of the trigonometric and of the hyperbolic secant (also squared), ...
So in actuality the value of the cosine integral is pi e^-a all over two. So the sine term must have the same value. This makes sense, so that when a < 0 the two terms cancel out to give zero, but I'm still having trouble closing the contour for the sine term Last edited: ...