The insulin potentiation during OGTT in relation to GIP was significantly depressed in the uremic patients. It is proposed that a factor of intestinal origin is released during intake of carbohydrates, which blocks the B-cell response to the combined glucose-GIP stimulus. Alternatively, the ...
In response to stimuli that trigger the secretion of insulin, amylin is released into the blood stream along with insulin (3,4). The discovery of this peptide has raised a great number of questions about diabetes and the role that amylin might play in this disorder. Several basic issues ...
Hepatic insulin sensitizing substance (HISS), a putative hormone released from the liver in response to insulin in fed animals, accounts for 50-60% of insulin action. HISS release is regulated by permissive control of the hepatic parasympathetic nerves. The objectives were to develop the rapid ins...
The enteric capsules could prevent insulin from the gastric harsh conditions, and the NPs released in the intestine could increase the cellular permeability and uptake. Consequently, the insulin absorption was greatly enhanced and the oral bioavailability of the NPs system in diabetic rats was about ...
We tested the hypothesis that a particular immune activation profile might be correlated with insulin resistance in a general population. By measuring 43 markers of immune, endothelial, and coagulation activation, we have previously shown that five diffe
Chondrocytes released immunoreactive IGF II but no detectable IGF I. While exposure to insulin concentrations of approximately 50 nM or greater resulted in a statistically significant increase in IGF II release from chondrocytes, no change in IGF II release was seen in response to physiological ...
In 31 patients with atopic bronchial asthma in clinical remission and in 21 healthy sex- and age-matched subjects, the responses to intravenous tolbutamide (1.0 gm) and insulin (0.1 U/kg) were studied over a period of 2 hr. In response to tolbutamide, asthmatics released significantly less ...
About 5% of the IGF is unbound, and the remaining 5-15% is bound to IGFBP-I, 2, or 4 as smaller complexes. Unlike insulin and other peptide hormones that are released from storage granules, IGFs are released as they are produced. Most tissues produce IGFs in small amounts that are ...
In this process, numerous hormonal signals play an important role to exert their effects on eating behavior and body weight2. Insulin is a major peripheral hormone released after food intake and the reduced ability of insulin to act on its target tissue, i.e. insulin resistance (IR), is a...
At the multicellular level, insulin release is a tightly controlled process, requiring hundreds of β-cells throughout the islet to coordinate their activities in response to diverse stimuli including glucose, incretins and fatty acids2,3. Our current understanding of the mechanisms underlying insulin...