Argumentation may involve an individual discourse activity, like argumentative writing (Klein et al.2019) or graphical representation (Noroozi et al.2018; Nussbaum2008), or it may take the form of a social discourse activity in which dialogue partners collaboratively construct, critique, and reconcile...
PT may take the form of an advance organizer, but it may also be limited to the instruction of vocabulary or ideas. If such instruction is provided for a whole class, it may be an interesting teaching strategy, yet we do not regard it as catering for students' different instructional ...