DNA methylationThe large amount of DNA in eukaryotic chromosomes is duplicated exactly for distribution to daughter cells at division. Unlike prokaryotes, the eukaryote must co-ordinate multiple initiations of
Despite the fact that rapid advances have been made in deciphering the detailed molecular mechanism of DNA replication in prokaryotes (1), parallel progress has not been made in eukaryotic systems. This has been due in great part to the inherent complexity of eukaryotic cells, the lack of well...
Fewer protein factors (designated IF) participate in prokaryotes. In eukaryotes, several steps occur in succession: Step 1. Initiator Met-tRNA and the GTPase eIF-2A (with bound GTP) form a preinitiation complex on a small ribosomal subunit. Step 2. Several protein initiation factors assemble...
Do prokaryotes have exons? What binds to the prokaryotic chromosome to start DNA replication? In a prokaryotic cell, DNA is found where? What are the organelles involved in protein synthesis and the functions of these organelles? mRNA is needed to synthesize what in the...
The process of DNA replication contains many steps. The first step is the necessity for the double-stranded DNA molecule to be opened up into single strands by the enzyme DNA helicase, which makes a replication fork. The second step is the addition of ...
The genomes of many prokaryotes contain substantial fractions of gene pairs with overlapping stop and start codons (ATGA or TGATG). A potential benefit of overlapping gene pairs is translational coupling. In 720 genomes of archaea and bacteria representi
Which of these is the correct sequence of events for transcription in prokaryotes? A. Initiation, Elongation, Termination B. DNA, Replication, Transcription, Translation C. DNA, RNA, Protein D. Initiation, Elongation, RNA process...
Within the emerging field of synthetic biology, engineering paradigms have recently been used to design biological systems with novel functionalities. One of the essential challenges hampering the construction of such systems is the need to precisely opt
(E).E. coliandB. subtilisare used as negative controls as no ribosomal scanning mechanism is required for translation initiation in prokaryotes.FThe dual-luciferase reporter experiment to test the distance-dependent inhibitory effect of dAUGs in HeLa cells. The values of individual replicates are ...
Four sequence-related features appear to positively favor translation initiation in prokaryotes. First, the preferred initiation codon is AUG. GUG and UUG can function as initiation codons although at only about 10 and 1 percent of the frequency of AUG, respectively. (Hershey, J. (1987) Protein...