Next, sometime between one week before and 15 days after the arrival of goods, the importer must file 5106 & 7501 Forms as well as a Release Document with Customs. Then, these documents must be submitted for review to an entry specialist at the port of entry. With an accurate invoice, ...
The bureaucracy at entry points and the lack of knowledge in customs procedure and trade related information makes them susceptible to corruption and in some instances they experience outright harassment. In addition, the AfCFTA rights and benefits may not be known to the informal sector especially t...
as these are typically simply referred to as informal institutions in the literature. A single informal institution would be one unwritten rule or norm, such as the norm of reciprocity (e.g., I do something for you and there’s a shared social expectation that...
One reason that the establishment of RTAs can lead to changes in firm exports is that they reduce entry and continuing costs for foreign exporting firms by altering both formal and informal institutions (Porto, 2005; Staiger, 1995). However, compared with non-SOEs, SOEs may be less sensitive ...
has resulted in increased informalisation and vul- nerability. Street vendors in numerous developing countries are suffering from the twin squeezes of increased competition from retrenched workers turning to a livelihood with low barriers to entry, ...
Bridging Institutional Distance: An Emerging Market Entry Strategy for Multinational Enterprises Introduction Research in international business (IB) has devoted considerable attention to the institutional environment, understanding how critical it is for business across markets (e.g., Chacar, Newburry, & ...