Coincidently, the pandemic H1 (1918 Spanish influenza) HA also displays a Q226 [98]. As a consequence the Gal-2 of the human receptor sits lower (closer to the 130-loop) in the RBS of both the H1 and avian H10 HAs, whereas the avian receptor sits in a higher position (Figure 2)....
5.4. Optical-Based Detections From optical/spectral methods the most common are fluorescence, ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) spectroscopy, Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) [113,114] and others [79]. Recently developed influenza sensor by Liu et al. [115] used fluorescence for neuraminidase...