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The influenza viruses are divided into the types A, B and C and show unique variability of their surface antigens (hemagglutinin and neuraminidase). Influenza viruses of type A show the largest degree of antigenic variation which, in turn, resulted in the definition of a number of subtypes, e...
Influenza is caused by any of several closely related viruses in the familyOrthomyxoviridae(a group ofRNAviruses). Influenza viruses are categorized as types A, B, C, and D. These major types generally produce similar symptoms but are completely unrelated antigenically, so that infection with one...
Fig. 6: Identification of cell types in the lungs of wild-type and mGluR2−/− mice infected by influenza virus. a–c, Dual staining was performed on the lung sections of mice infected with H1N1 virus (a), H5N6 virus (b) or H7N9 virus (c) to identify the type II alveolar epithe...
Influenza C usually causes only mild illness in humans. All types of influenza can be passed from a sick person to a healthy person through the air or on things like cups and forks . The flu virus is carried in an infected person's saliva and mucus , s...
Recently, influenza vaccination was shown to induce the expansion of two types of memory B cells in addition to plasmablasts. It is plausible that activated Tfh cells that remain in the lymph nodes after vaccination, a cell population missed in the analysis of blood samples, might also ...
Learn about influenza (flu) symptoms, treatment with antiviral drugs, flu shot side effects, and prevention during flu season. Discover when to get the flu vaccine, how long the flu lasts, the contagious period, flu types, and how it spreads.
The epidemiological behaviour of influenza in people is related to the two types of antigenic variation of its envelope glycoproteins—antigenic drift and antigenic shift. During antigenic drift, new strains of virus evolve by accumulation of point mutations in the surface glycoproteins. The new strains...
Researchers finally isolated the virus that causes flu from pigs in 1931, and from humans in 1933. Influenza Virus Influenza viruses, which are part of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses, cause the flu. Four types of the virus exist: A and B, which are responsible for seasonal flu epidem...
Novel influenza A virusesare antigenically and genetically newvirusesthat primarily originate in birds or pigs; rarely, they can infect humans with the potential to cause apandemic.[50][51] Most common types of zoonotic influenza[50][51]