The ongoing outbreak of avian influenza A virus (subtype H5N1) infection in Asia is of great concern because of the high human case fatality rate and the threat of a new influenza pandemic. Case reports in human
A of subtype H5N1", is the causative agent of H5N1 flu, commonly known as "avian influenza" or "Avian flu". H5N1 may mutate or reassort into a strain capable of efficient human-to-human transmission. The avian flu virus (H5N1 virus) is the world's largest current pandemic threat, an...
Influenza A viruses have caused more documented global pandemics in human history than any other pathogen1,2. High pathogenicity avian influenza viruses belonging to the H5N1 subtype are a leading pandemic risk. Two decades after H5N1 ‘bird flu’ became established in poultry in Southeast Asia, ...
low pathogenic H5 subtype carried by migratory waterfowl, and introduced into poultry in 1996. This was followed by the evolution of novel genotypes locally in poultry through reassortment events, and the rapid increase in genetic diversity (Table 1).4,5Influenza A virus H5N1 continues to evolve ...
a influenza virus causing illness in people. Influenza H1N1 was first detected in people in the United States in April 2009. Influenza H1N1 is spreading from person-to-person worldwide. In 2009, H1N1 was spreading fast around the world, so the World Health Organization called it ...
A single subtype (A) or type (B) of influenza virus usually predominates, but epidemics have 1510 occurred in which both A and B viruses or two influenza A virus subtypes were isolated. Global epidemics, or pandem- ics, occur less frequently and are seen only with influenza A viruses. ...
The predominant seasonal influenza virus strain is 2009A/H1N1 in recent years, the cause of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic5,6. In addition, human infection of various subtypes of avian-origin influenza A viruses, especially H5 subtype (H5N1, H5N6) and H7 subtype (H7N7, H7N3, H7N9), has often ...
A newly developedinfluenzavaccine against a potentially pandemic variant of the influenza virus, the H5N1 subunit virus, has been shown to be highly immunogenic in younger and older adults. In a randomized, phase 3, multicenter study, the experimental vaccine elicited high hemagglutination inhibition ...
Human-to-human transmission does not occur efficiently at this time; however, there is widespread current concern about the potential for an H5N1 pandemic if the virus acquired transmissibility among humans. The H7N7 avian virus also has unusual zoonotic potential. In 2003 this virus caus...
Often, these new strains appear when an existing flu virus spreads to humans from other animal species, or when an existing human strain picks up new genes from a virus that usually infects birds or pigs. An avian strain named H5N1 raised the concern of a new influenza pandemic, after it...