Over the past ten years, per mile costs for highway maintenance and construction have risen much faster than general wholesale and retail prices in the U.S. economy. This paper examines historical data on highway maintenance costs, highway construction costs, and general wholesale prices in ...
Over the past ten years, China's nominal GDP has increased by nearly 5 times, reaching 39 trillion yuan in 2010. These wealth mainly comes from the explosive growth of the real estate market, the massive exploitation of resources and energy resources such as minerals and petroleum, and the w...
Unlike groups T1 to T3, group T4 also receives information on average OOH inflation over the past ten years. This information can be written into a second data equation: 2.2 = π¯ooh + 2, (10) where error term 2 ∼ N (0, σ22). Variance parameter σ22 controls the degree of...
Rather, it seems that most people remain quite optimistic regarding the long-term economic growth of Western society, despite the fact that, over the past ten years, it has taken a massive deterioration in the balance sheet of Western society just to eke out a small amount of real economic ...
Of course this is never mentioned by the Fed or their de facto communications director working for the Wall Street Journal. Deflation will never happen and the price hikes we’ve all come to know and hate over the past year are forever part of the lan...
This explains why over the past 10 years we have seen around a 200-percent price increase, but only a 5- to 10-percent cut in titles. This is remarkable. However, it is not unique to STM journals.QIt's the serial ... S Downes - A True Market Failure ...
Inflation has been top of mindfor many over the past few years. But how long will it persist? In June 2022, inflation in the United States jumped to 9.1 percent, reaching the highest level since February 1982. The inflation rate has since slowed in theUnited States, as well as inEurope...
Finally, we observe that the companies average inflation hedging ability declined steadily over the past ten years, while the number of firms that hedge inflation has decreased considerably after the recent downturn of the US economy. Introduction Recent developments in the US economy, notably the ...
Further, the Fed recently modified its inflation targeting regime from an absolute to an average inflation targeting basis, which would allow future inflation to rise above the 2% target without a threat of raising interest rates, given the significant undershoot over the past 10 years. While th...
The energy price shock triggered by green policies, which has many other commodity prices skyrocketing, combined with lockdown related shortages in many commodities and goods markets, are hitting a huge monetary overhang that central banks have built up over the past few years. ...