View PDFView articleView in ScopusGoogle Scholar Éltetö and Havasi, 2004 Ö. Éltetö, E. Havasi Income or expenditure: Their competing role to characterize the living conditions of households Hungarian Statistical Review (2004), pp. 10-21 Special Number 9 Google Scholar Fan et al.,...
The red (blue) line shows the proportion of risk (GDP) that is associated to the lowest exposed (poorest) x% of people globally. For perfectly equally distributed exposures (wealth) the curve would coincide with the diagonal. Exposure to economic shock is obviously distributed more unequally tha...
It was invented to rank all web pages in the Web11, and has been used in several applications65. For example, to study citation and co-authorship networks66,67,68. PageRank assigns an importance score to every single node in a network. This score takes into account the number and quality...
where. These representations of (1.1) can be shown to be equivalent. Let us also note that forthere are two different notions of weak solutions to the porous medium equation and doubly nonlinear equations in the literature. The first one assumes thatis weakly differentiable with respect to the ...
line with what is suggested by the historiography. For example, population counts in the Early Modern Age, before the advent of modern censuses, usually registered the number of neighbours or houses but not the number of inhabitants or souls. This makes it necessary in some cases to estimate ...
Let the PDF of the distribution of f be v and the CDF be V. Thenψ0=∫0Rj0v(f)df=V(Rj0)anddψ0=v(Rj0)dRj0,where dRj0=(cjk0P+cjk0R)dξ+ξdcjk0P. The COVID shock thus affects the number of firms directly: COVID restrictions (ξ<1) reduce the number of products that ...
In line with recent empirical evidence, the three experiments clearly indicate that longer con-tract length decreases inequality. There are mainly two reasons behind our result. One is thatlonger contracts reduce the ability of firms to fire workers and therefore force them to pay wageseven when ...
Globally, morbidity and mortality caused by diarrhoea have reduced in advanced countries, on the contrary, it’s still a major issue of concern among the U5C in the LMIC [10,11]. However, there was a significant decline in the number of childhood deaths due to diarrhoea from approximately ...
number of self-publications, respectively. For each of these editors, we show the total number of papers they publish as well as how many of those papers are published in the editor’s journal(s); results are aggregated over 5-year periods to preserve anonymity. The horizontal line(s) ...
pdf. ADB (2012b), ADB (2014). present standardized Kuznets type inverted U-curve shapes, as both Figures (a) and (b) appear to have two inverse-U curves. However, looking into an overall trend in the two curves ((a) and (b)), there seems to exist an inverted U-curve type ...