Independent variables are the “inputs” for functions. The value of anindependent variabledoes not depend on other variables. Rather, changes in the independent variable (which take place in our “function machine”) cause a change in another variable (the dependent variable). Avariableis simply...
Is P Versus NP Formally Independent? Scott Aaronson∗ University of California, Berkeley Abstract This is a survey about the title question, written for people who (like the author) see logic as for- bidding, esoteric, and remote from their usual concerns. Beginning with a crash course on ...
Balanced accuracies of 64% for the prediction of psychosis status are in line with recent results from other large heterogenous psychiatric samples. They are confirmed by external validation in independent large samples including probands with (1) psychosis (N = 727) versus healthy controls (...
tribe Datureae originates from South America, while the Mandragorinae and Hyoscyaminae (includingAtropa, which was previously classified within the sister group Lyciinae) are found in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its neighboring regions and the Anthocercideae occurs in Australia1,9,11,14. These...
Device-independent quantum key distribution (DI-QKD) provides the gold standard for secure key exchange. Not only does it allow for information-theoretic security based on quantum mechanics, but it also relaxes the need to physically model the devices, t
2.5 A simple example – Gaussian versus Lévy stable source distributions To gain intuition about the meaning of the characteristic Levy scale parameter of the proton R, before we go deeper to the data analysis, let us consider first the usual α=1 case, neglecting all but the leading order ...
Robotic versus human coaches for active aging: An automated social presence perspective Int. J. Soc. Robotics, 12 (2020), pp. 867-882 CrossrefView in ScopusGoogle Scholar [130] Silvera-Tawil D., Bruck S., Xiao Y., Bradford D. Socially-assistive robots to support learning in students on...
(11) Now, let us compare the probability that v has k versus k − 1 neighbors in I . In an event where exactly k neighbors of v are occupied, we can remove any of the occu- pied neighbors from I and obtain another independent set where v has exactly k − 1 neighbors. There ...
HSP90 inhibition (Table2) indicating differential regulation of the HSR in single cells versus cells in a tissue context. It has been reported that there is a general transcriptional repression in response to heat shock. The number of transcriptionally repressed genes after heat shock in mammalian ...
The dynamic range, or ratio of output gene expression levels in the fully active versus fully inactive states, is a one-dimensional metric frequently used to quantify IP performance. However, mean and noise are tunable over a two-dimensional area37,38,39,40,41,42,43. To quantify the ...