This article examines the relationship between market distance, inter-provincial income levels and urban-rural income inequality in China. It uses the curve estimation method to determine the best-fit models for the relationship. Regions near the market are found to have high urban and rural income...
How isHigh Income in ChinaCalculated? The Chinese government defines “high income inchinagroups” as those with yearly salaries and incomes over a certain level. Formal income (pay and bonuses from employers) and informal income (bartering, tips, and the like) meet these levels, which vary b...
From China's actual situation,income inequality, arising primarily from the two levels. 从中国的现实情况来看, 收入不平等主要产生于两个层面. 互联网 Growingincome inequalityand a rising poverty rate have become big issues. 收入差距的扩大和日益上升的贫困率成为大的问题. ...
Using multiple data sources, we establish that China's income inequality since 2005 has reached very high levels, with the Gini coefficient in the range of 0.53-0.55. Analyzing comparable survey data collected in 2010 in China and the United States, we examine social determinants that help explai...
A recent study by Brandt and Holz (2004) provides estimates of differences in the cost of living across urban and rural areas for all provinces in China. Using these estimates, we adjust incomes for spatial price differences and then recalculate the urban-rural income gap and levels of ...
They find high levels of polarization in Latin America, with a mildly increasing trend. Also, conflicts are found to be closely linked with polarization, less with poverty. For eight Asian countries examined by Gochoco-Bautista et al. (2013), polarization is found to be higher in urban areas...
This paper fills the existing knowledge gap by examining the changes in the extent and nature of child poverty in urban China between 1989 and 2011, and contributes to the literature by using the relative income approach, different from the absolute income approach used in many previous studies....
Distribution pattern of households' income inequality in Eastern Cape, South Africa: Application of regression-based decomposition of inequality Income inequality is a pervasive problem in South Africa and particularly affects the Eastern Cape, where poverty levels remain high despite several effort... SO...
Studies of China’s inequality almost universally report that the gap between urban and rural household incomes in China is large, has increased over time, and contributes substantially to overall inequality. According to most estimates, mean per capita income in urban China is more than triple tha...
Association between provincial income levels and drug prices in China over the period 2010鈥7 (ii) evaluate the association between provincial income levels and drug prices over this period; and (iii) compare the results for Chinese state-owned, ... W Shi,OJ Wouters,G Liu,... 被引量: 0...