The negative relationship between carbonate excretion rate and RIL is counterintuitive from a metabolic point of view. With the intestine being an energetically expensive organ61, metabolic and carbonate excretion rates should increase with increasing RIL. However, the energetic investment in the intestine...
Tritium is taken into the bodies of animals (including human beings) through inhalation and ingestion of food and water [28,29]. Uptake also occurs by absorption through the skin, which is a minor pathway for animals with their thick skins. Losses occur through respiration, sweating, excretion,...
As a result, oxidative damage and membrane lipid peroxidation occur, which leads to cell death and plant tissue damage in addition to the general wilting of the plant from this point on [12]. On the other hand, stress affects crops differently depending on their intensity, duration, and ...
The integument is an organ that reacts to noxious, infectious, external and internal stimuli in a limited number of ways. From:Netter’s Infectious Diseases,2012 About this page Add to MendeleySet alert Chapters and Articles You might find these chapters and articles relevant to this topic. ...
The small intestine is an organ of the alimentary found between the stomach and the large intestine. This organ can be identified by the presence of evagination in its inner wall formed from structures namely plicae circulares, villi, and microvilli....
Therefore, choosing the proper biowaste organ/tissues is also essential. Biowaste generally consists of organic substances (saccharides, vitamins, fatty acids) and other elements (H, O, N and S). Besides C, O, H, S, and N, some minerals, such as Ca, K, Mg, Na, and Si, may also...
(SNF), flowering time, floral organ development, seed development, and stress resistance. However, a considerable gap remains between pea functional genomics and molecular breeding. This review summarizes the current advancements in pea functional genomics and breeding while highlighting the future ...
In many autoimmune disorders, it is still unclear what role macrophages play, whether they trigger disease or promote disease development, and whether their phenotype and function changes are pathogenic or just epiphenomenal. Furthermore, their diverse populations across autoimmune disorders are hardly une...
may select spectral sensitivities from a repertoire of visual genes (opsins), and this can occur on a variety of timescales, including diurnal, lifetime and evolutionary. However, it is currently unclear to what extent this is determined by their environment, life stage or relationship with other...
does an internal gustatory evaluation of the incoming food [8]. If the ingested blood fulfills the insect’s feeding requirements, the animal continues the feeding behavior; if not, the animal leaves the host and searches for another [3,9]. The gustatory blood assessment seems to occur in ...