Recycling of Cu in the lower crust is also assumed to be a major metal source for non-arc setting porphyry Cu deposits. To test this hypothesis and further explore the behavior of Cu in the lower crust, we analyzed the elemental and Cu isotopic compositions of lower crustal rocks from ...
In CO2-saturated water phase, where the pH is around 4 usually, the C12NEO2 would protonate to quaternary amine exhibiting the properties as cationic surfactant by accept a hydrogen proton, so they can bare high salinity and high temperature and are named as switchable surfactant. However, the...
In the carbon emissions pathway, the peak year can be regarded as the turning point, and the ideal carbon peak path should be a curve of first increasing and then decreasing. We set Eq. (14) as the indicator equation and define the constraint in Eq. (15), whereMis an artificial variabl...
1). Referring to the econometric theory50,51, when the dependent variable is a binary variable, the logit model and the probit model is believed to be appropriate. Consistent with the previous applied regression model section in Chapman et al.52, the logit model is adopted. Equation (1) ...
A simple general equation is presented for estimating the Fe**3** plus concentrations in ferromagnesian oxide and silicate minerals from microprobe analyses. The equation has been derived using stoichiometric criteria assuming that iron is the only element present with variable valency and that oxygen...
along with the increasing contribution of natural gas and renewables in the energy equation, has been well documented. As a consequence, the driving variables are a priority for many academics from both an environmental and economic standpoint such as for the top ten economies in the world (Azam...
Whatwedois,inaloop,marchdowntheargumentlistcheckingeachone toseeifitisanoption. 我们所做的是,用一个循环遍历参数列表检查每个参数来看它是否为选项。 www-128.ibm.com 3. ToobtainaKVLequation,wemusttallyvoltagedropsinaloopofthecircuit,asthoughweweremeasuringwitharealvoltmeter. ...
This paper examines the relationship among CO2 emissions, energy use, and GDP in Russia using annual data ranging from 1990 to 2020. We first conduct time-series analyses (stationarity, structural breaks, cointegration, and causality tests). Then, we per
The first right-hand side term in the above equation represents the CO2tax that operating companies are subject to. Here,\(r_{CO_{2}}\)indicates the applied CO2tax rate. The last term,\(V_p\), is the penalty value from Eq. (17) ensuring the injection is feasible. ...
and −7.79‰, and the calculatedδ13C value of CO2involved in water-rock reaction is between −9.50‰ and −15.68‰, which is mainly from sedimentary organic matter. Ion ratio analysis and sulfur isotope characteristics show that the dissolution of carbonate minerals and gypsum is the main ...