The summation of these three terms represents the elliptical polarisation. The electric fields of the fundamental, second and third harmonics calculated from Eq. (5) are shown in Fig. 3. The vortex nature is clearly observed in the electric field distribution of the second and third harmonics ...
Millisecond pulsars (MSPs) also emit gamma-ray pulsations, as revealed by the Large Area Telescope (LAT)15onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. Gamma rays are particularly helpful in discovering and studying spider pulsars because, unlike radio waves, they are not absorbed in the diffuse ...
There is little doubt that the solar cycle is magnetic in nature and is produced by dynamo processes within the Sun (for a review of the solar dynamo see Charbonneau,2010). Although the details concerning, how, when, and where the dynamo processes operate are still uncertain, several basic f...
The icy satellites of Jupiter and Saturn are perhaps the most promising places in the Solar System regarding habitability. However, the potential habitable environments are hidden underneath km-thick ice shells. The discovery of Enceladus’ plume by the Cassini mission has provided vital clues in our...
Each plate was then exposed to different doses of X-ray radiation. The APF signal was measured using a multi-well plate reader (Fluoroskan Ascent FL, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., MA, USA) at excitation/emission wavelengths of 490/515 nm. To determine whether the increase in APF ...
with an R2 of 0.86 and a RMSE of 6.04 µg·cm−2. The use of multiple regression did not improve prediction performance in terms of R2 and RMSE values. Overall, the results show that there are many vegetation indices that are able to provide a strong relationship with the Chlt in wh...
Outflows that are apparently AGN-driven have been detected across all wavelengths, from X-ray to radio wavelengths, where the velocities of these outflows are ∼100–100,000 km s−1−1. The outflows with the highest velocities are called ultra-fast outflows or UFO [22,23,24]. These...
(m2-n2). Wavelengths are accurately given using h = 3.6456 x10-7m, n = 2, and m = 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. He suggested that giving n other small integer values would give other series of wavelengths for hydrogen. Why this prediction agreed with observation was not understood until after ...
N. da C.Andrade, Quain Professor of Physics at University College, London, who collaborated with Ernest Rutherford on experiments to determine the wavelengths of gamma rays from radium. During his lifetime Andrade amassed an important collection of British 17th-century science texts. Dibner, ...
Image credit: Robert A. Rohde, as part of the Global Warming Art project. But I was recently asked a question (that was also posted here) that I hadn’t been asked before: How many colors are there really in the rainbow? In more technical terms: How many distinct frequencies can a ph...