In the ovules of most sexual flowering plants female gametogenesis is initiated from a single surviving gametic cell, the functional megaspore, formed after meiosis of the somatically derived megaspore mother cell (MMC). Because some mutants and certain sexual species exhibit more than one MMC, an...
This "genetic" argument starts from the assumption that genes can influence the relative numbers of male and female offspring produced by an individual carrying the genes. That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene...
The shifts were also observed in both failed fertilization attempts where the second broader [Ca2+]cyto transient was detected but the sperm nucleus did not continue to move towards the nucleus of the female gamete (data not shown). In a single measurement, where delayed or incomplete plasmogamy...
Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; 5Hendrix Genetics BV, Boxmeer, The Netherlands and 6Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA As all four meiotic products give rise to sperm in males, female meiosis result in a single egg in...
stress responses and putative signalling or messenger pathways between germline and somatic cells, and different constraints on male and female gamete formation. In plants, environmental stress leads to increased frequencies of homologous recombination, both in meiosis and mitosis, and epigenetic instability...
Their production in diploid populations is arguably maladaptive, but the magnitude and patterns of genetically based variation maintained in natural populations are poorly understood. Methods: We examined variation in male and female unreduced gamete production among plants from different elevati...
In contrast, exploring plant gamete interaction during double fertilization, a characteristic trait of flowering plants, has been hampered for a long time because of the protected location of the female gametes and technical limitations. Over the last couple of years, however, the use of advanced ...
In functionally dioecious fig species, making up approximately half the figs worldwide, male and female functions are separated; hermaphrodite (functionally male) trees produce wasps and pollen only, while female trees produce seeds only. This sexual separation allows selection to act independently on...
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In addition, iHS enrichment of the ovule number GWAS peaks was also significant (P = 0.030 for the top 1% iHS tail; Supplementary Fig. 3). These enrichments support polygenic selection on a considerable number of loci associated with male and female gamete numbers throughout the genome. ...