This suggests a form of non-monotonicity and discontinuity of minority representation as a function of voters聮 control on the selection of elected candidates.Inacio BoBoston CollegeM. Negri. Minority representation in proportional representation systems. mimeo, CORE, 2014....
The structure of the electoral system mediates the relationship; proportional electoral systems close the representation gap between poor and the rest of the population but do not make women better off. 展开 关键词: genetic engineering assisted reproduction sex selection DOI: 10.1353/hcr.0.0125 被引...
Social fairness.Social fairness, or demographic parity, requires the model to make decisions unrelated to attributes of gender, race or age. This ensures each group has the same probability of true positive rates -- or the rate of correct predictions -- based on its proportional representation i...
Despite the central role that GxE plays in adaptation and plant productivity, the genetic basis of evolved differences in stress responses are poorly understood, except in a handful of laboratory model systems. However, it is clear that gene expression networks play particularly important roles in th...
Biological systems interact directly with the environment and learn by receiving multimodal feedback via sensory stimuli that shape the formation of internal neuronal representations. Drawing inspiration from biological concepts such as exploration and sensory processing that eventually lead to behavioral condit...
In the present work, an introduction to the contact phenomena in multibody systems is made. The different existing approaches are described, together with
Conventionally, basic secondary controllers, such as I, PI, PID, and PIDN have been used for LFC [15,29,30]. However, these basic controllers have many drawbacks, e.g., long response time, high sensitivity to disturbances, inability to handle complicated systems, etc. Several attempts have...
Proportional Control Analog signals are crucial in implementingproportional control systems, where the output control signal is directly proportional to the input signal. For example, in a heating system, an analog temperature sensor generates an analog signal that is compared to a desired setpoint, an...
Article Open access 21 July 2023 A retinotopic code structures the interaction between perception and memory systems Article 02 January 2024 A concentration of visual cortex-like neurons in prefrontal cortex Article Open access 14 August 2024 Introduction...
Epicardial activity appears to be an important element of heart regeneration. On the one hand, active epicardium plays a substantial role in successful cardiac regeneration in adult zebrafish, newts and developing mammalian systems. On the other hand, the epicardium is reportedly quiescent in adult ma...