Nematodes are the most abundant animals on earth1. At least a third of the human population is infected with a nematode at any given time2. Phylogenetic analyses have resolved nematode species into five broad clades with parasitic representatives in each3,4. Nematodes can be free-living, likeCa...
The intervening DNA between nucleosomes, called linker DNA, varies in length between 30 and 60 bp in human cells and varies between species, and cell types [4, 5]. At the most fundamental level, chromatin exists in two different states: euchromatin and heterochromatin. Euchromatin is loosely ...
Overall, our results indicate that the rice root tip is composed of highly heterogeneous cells. The single-cell transcriptome atlas enabled us to identify most of the major cell types of the rice radicle (Supplementary Note 2). Clusters 1, 4 and 9 belonged to the epidermis/root hair ...
12. Our results show that, as in previous studies, most metamonad ACSs branch in one of two clades, known as ACS1 and ACS2. The ACS homologs found in the BaSks also form two distinct groups; one appears to be related to ACS2 found within Carpediemonas membranifera, Ergobibamus ...
Distinct and predictive chromatin signatures of transcriptional promoters and enhancers in the human genome. Nat Genet. 2007;39(3):311–8. CAS PubMed Google Scholar Djebali S, Davis CA, Merkel A, Dobin A, Lassmann T, Mortazavi A, et al. Landscape of transcription in human cells. Nature....
As with BMMCs under LPS stimulation alone, DMRs were heavily enriched at enhancer sites (43% of hyper probes; 34% of hypo). This effect was confirmed by chromHMM analysis, which demonstrated similar chromatin enrichment of LPS + TDM DMRs regardless of whether the site was unique to the LPS...
1c, d). For small cells such as insulinoma cells (INS-1E) featuring dense, branched tubular mitochondrial reticulum, these tubular structures are however hardly separable in conventional confocal microscopy images. Due to the lower resolution, 3D conventional or two-photon excitation confocal ...
cells in CM of NFs and CAFs relative to complete growth medium, at 0, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after wound infliction. Significance in (g) and (i) was assessed with two-sided log-rank tests. In (j–l), data are shown as mean ± SEM, withn = 3 paracancerous tissues ...
161In cancer cells, the YAP and TAZ condensates are involved in promoting cell proliferation and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy resistance.161Besides, the YAP condensates are enriched in accessible chromatin domains organized as super enhancers, whereas the TAZ condensates contain DNA-binding cofactor TEAD4,...
As programmed cell death progress, pyroptosis differs from other cell death pathways morphologically and biochemically. Table1provided a concise comparison of the different cell death modes. Apoptosis, the most studied cell death, is characterized by DNA cleavage, chromatin fragmentation, nuclear condensati...