This chapter covers covalent bonding in small molecules, starting from hydrogen molecule ions and hydrogen molecules, and then proceeding to homonuclear and heteronuclear diatomic molecules, and linear triatomics. Using the hydrogen molecule as the prototype, the bonding of this molecule is treated by...
Structure–reactivity relationships for nanoparticle-based catalysts have been greatly influenced by the study of catalytic materials with either supported isolated metal atoms or metal clusters comprising a few atoms. The stability of these metal species is a key challenge because they can sinter into ...
However, to form the NAr+ ion, the N+ ion, initially bound to N22+ molecule, has to overcome the barrier Ec (i.e. the breakup of N22+ covalent bond) and to be trapped in the NAr+ well, which is of course extremely difficult. The only possible pathway is tunneling, namely, the ...
An epoxy resin is a material of relatively low molecular weight, containing at least two oxirane groups per molecule (7). Excellent reviews of the chemistry and uses of epoxy resins have been written by a number of authors.69–73 While there exists a large number of epoxides of different ch...
The role of tellurium in these intermolecular interactions is not limited to a bifurcated ChB donor function with ∠S1–Te1⋯Te1 (175.1°) and ∠S2–Te1⋯S1 (173.0°), but it also acts as a ChB acceptor towards a sulfur atom of a neighboring [Fe(C5H4S)2Te] molecule, leading to...
Covalent bonding of polyphenols with protein. a Polyphenol-protein complexes formed by oxidation process - Michael addition and imino-quinone adducts. b Polyphenol-protein complexes formed by a free radical mediated process (Adapted from Li, He, et al. 2021; Li, Ritzoulis, et al. 2021; Liu et...
The movies were taken with an exposure time of 50 ms per frame. Results We monitored the diffusion, collision and scission of MEH-PPV polymer chains on the single-molecule level. Figure 1a shows the diffusion and collision of two MEH-PPV polymer chains in a thin solution layer. In this...
Furthermore, several investigations, especially among the earliest simulations reported, focused on energy minimization calculations, with the aim of finding the most energetically favorable (optimized) conformations for a molecule or molecular aggregate [61],[65],[67],[70],[121],[142],[143]. ...
synthesis covalent bonding of cyanamide and its polycondensation products, melem and melon, to a SiO2 surface via abundant NH2-groups (edge plane of the material) is more favorable compared to non-covalent interaction of the π-conjugated system (basal plane of the material) with the silica ...
Self-assembling molecular drugs combine the easy preparation typical of small-molecule chemotherapy and the tumour-targeting properties of drug–nanoparticle conjugates. However, they require a supramolecular interaction that survives the complex environment of a living animal. Here we report that the metal...