Ritualisticbehaviours(compulsions)orunwanted,repetitive,intrusivethoughts/urges(obsessions) decreasesanxiety&avoidharm Spectrum Compulsivehandwashingto↓obsessionsofcontamination Overlapofphenomena RangeofImpulseControl&CompulsiveDisorders(“ICDs”)inPD “GSES”or“behaviouraladdictions” Pathologicalgambling ...
For each disorder, the scale uses 4 questions rated on a 5-point Likert scale (from “Never” = 0 to “Very often” = 4) to evaluate commonly reported thoughts, urges and desires, difficulty in controlling behaviors, and deceptive behaviors associated with ICDs (e.g., lying, mounting ...
74] that is motivated by both cognitive and affective factors [30], such as fear [12,62] and disregard for consequences [74]. Failure of rational decision making and intrusion of irrational feelings and thoughts that more consumption will remedy negative states principally under impulsive buying...
Impulsiveness is defined as a behavioural ability to respond quickly and without men- tal reflection, which is essentially associated with the control of thoughts and behaviour [41]. It is well documented in the literature that colour can influence human perceptions and behaviours [17,21]. However...