COVID-19SARS-CoV-2Cellular immunityAntibody-mediated immunitySARS-CoV-2-vaccinationBooster vaccination induces high antibody levels in individuals with a history of COVID-19 that exceeds by far levels observed after recovery. SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody levels of similar magnitude were achieved in ...
Nationally, as of July 12, CDC said it was aware of more than 4,400 people who got Covid-19 after being fully vaccinated and had to be hospitalized; and 1,063 fully vaccinated people who died of Covid. But health officials still argue that vaccinated people make up only...
While it seems likely there's some level of lasting protection following COVID-19 infection, if you've had COVID, getting vaccinated is still worthwhile. There's some evidence vaccination after recovery leads toa stronger level of immunitycompared to "natural" immunity from infection, or immunity...
In any event, as summarizedhere(although I really do wish that the doctors who had written this had used the term “post-infection immunity” rather than “natural immunity”), there are a number of issues with post-infection immunity that make vaccination, even after recovery...
Notably, higher IFN-λ concentrations in patients with COVID-19 correlated with lower viral load in bronchial aspirates and faster viral clearance and a higher IFN-λ to type I IFN ratio correlated with improved outcome for critically ill patients. Moreover, altered cytokine patterns in patients ...
The pandemic outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is raising global anxiety and fear to the real or perceived health threat from the virus. With an overall mortality rate of about 3 %, the disease severity, outcomes and prognosis vary profoundly among individuals. The pathogenesis of...
The new coronavirus has thrown up one surprise after another, to the point where virologists and epidemiologists are sure of very little Even as virologists zero in on the virus that causes COVID-19, a very basic question remains unanswered: do those who recover from the disease have immun...
but the absolute duration that a patient might shed infectious virus is unknown.2Persistent detection of viral RNA many days to weeks after recovery from COVID-19 at concentrations near the detection limit of available assays likely does not represent a meaningful clinical or public health risk, ...
"It appears, like with many infectious diseases, recovery from COVID-19 is associated with a period of immunity that extends at least several months," Adalja said. "It will be important to determine how long immunity -- natural and vaccine-induced -- lasts in order to optimize vaccine sche...
This review aims to explore the role of immune memory and trained immunity, focusing on how innate immune cells like monocytes, macrophages, and natural killer cells undergo long-term epigenetic and metabolic rewiring. Specifically, it examines the mechanisms by which trained immunity, often triggered...