sionofthereportonSeptember26,2023.Theviewsexpressedinthispublicationare thoseoftheIMFstaffanddonotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheIMF’sExecutive Directorsortheirnationalauthorities. Recommendedcitation:InternationalMonetaryFund.2023.WorldEconomicOutlook: NavigatingGlobalDivergences.Washington,DC.October. ...
(WEO) is a survey by the IMF staff pub- lished twice a year, in the spring and fall. The WEO is prepared by the IMF staff and has benefited from comments and suggestions by Executive Directors following their discussion of the report on October 8, 2024. The views expressed in this ...
ratesof1.331and1.341,USdollar–euroconversionversionrates,seetheStatisticalAppendixoftheApril2023WEO. InternationalMonetaryFund|October202485 WORLDECONOMICOUTLOOK:POLICYPIVOT,RISINGTHREATS DataandConventionsstaffestimates.Whileattemptsaremadetoaligndata ongrossandnetdebtwiththedefinitionsinthe Dataandprojectionsfor196econo...
Article 09 October 2023 Notes Following Do and Levchenko (2007), I calculate country c's average financial dependence of exports in year t as ∑ i FinDep i Exp cit /∑ i Exp cit where Exp cit are sector-i exports by country c in year t, and FinDep i is a measure of the finan...
Other cross-country datasets (e.g., Willems, 2020; Jorda et al., 2020; Brando-Marques et al., 2021; Deb et al., 2023; Checo et al., 2024) rely on more stringent identification assumptions. 2 Moreover, the panel dimension of the database allows for improvements on existing one-...
impact on debt dynamics through budgets. Debt and deficits increased significantly in 2020 because of the economic recession and the sizable support extended to individuals and businesses. In 2021, fiscal deficits declined but remained above their ...
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impact on debt dynamics through budgets. Debt and deficits increased significantly in 2020 because of the economic recession and the sizable support extended to individuals and businesses. In 2021, fiscal deficits declined but remained above their pre-pandemic levels (see October 2022 Fiscal Monitor)....
1/2020figuresareactualdatafromBdESurveyofHouseholdFinances;2022,2024and2026aresimulatedbasedonactual macroeconomicdevelopmentandprojectionsfromIMFOctober2023WEO. 2/MacroeconomicassumptionsforindividualcountriesarebasedonIMF2023OctoberWEOprojections. 3/Incomequintile1-5indicatethelowest-incomegrouptothehighest-incomegroup...
Supplement issue: October 19-20, 2012 Research Conference on ‘Financial Markets, Financial Policy, and Macroeconomic Activity’ Sponsored by the Study Center Gerzensee and the Swiss National Bank. Brooks, S.P., and A. Gelman. 1998. General methods for monitoring convergence of iterative ...