A general ice block is made of an infinite number of single ice crystals, whose size and shape are not uniform1. Large ice crystals grow at the expense of smaller ones through the process called “Ice Recrystallization”. The recrystallization rate is evaluated using Ostwald-ripening principle, ...
Ice adhesion strength is dependent on various factors including surface variables, purity of water, and the growth of ice over surfaces (heterogeneous or heterogeneous-homogenous mixed formation of ice) [7,51]). Previous studies (static type tests) suggested that the heterogeneous nucleation is accel...
Strong Double Slash: MV increased to 22+20+32 (up from 16+14+28). Element and Status Modifiers increased to 0.8x+0.8x+1.0x (up from 0.6x+0.8x+0.8x). Second Hit Only: Damage type changed to Blunt (was Sever). Stun Buildup increased to 20 (up from 0). Exhaust Buildup increas...
PsgIBPs exhibit strong IRI activity even at nanomolar concentrations The ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) activity of the microbial IBPs tends to be high compared with that of fish and insect IBPs, and it was speculated that ice recrystallization is among the main causes of damage to microorg...
We chose to use Radial Basis Function (RBF) as the kernel type along with ‘gamma’ (kernel parameter) value of 0.5 and ‘cost’ (penalty parameter) value of 10. For the RBF based kernel type the recommended range for ‘gamma’ value is in between 0.0001 and 10 and for the recommended...
and it is expected to become dominant in the U.S. by early next year. Early studies suggest the vaccinated will need a booster shot for the best chance at preventing an omicron infection but even without the extra dose, vaccination still should offer strong protection against severe illness an...
This find- ing is not uncommon in waterborne norovirus outbreak, especially when strong sewage contamination was noticed [26]. Although norovirus GI was more predominant in previously reports of waterborne outbreaks, our investiga- tion revealed the potential of GII.17 to cause large water- borne ...
The solution comes from the recognition that planetary systems are dynamic places, with the orbits of even the largest planets able to evolve and migrate, especially in the early period when interaction between forming planets and the protoplanetary disc is strong. Numerical models that trace how pl...
The increase in the elastic properties of the 3D-graphene nanocomposites is due to strong force of attraction between the metal nanoparticles and graphene sheets, resulting high load transfer efficiency and thereby increasing the tenacity of elastic behavior. Similar type of enhanced elastic properties ...
The type of calving law used can impact grounding-line dynamics and ice-shelf stability (e.g. ref. 51). Still, the calving law we employ has been compared against several others for a range of Greenland glaciers52, and was found to give the most realistic behaviour. Similarly, the ...