Structural transformations originating from diverse rearrangements of the hydrogen bonding in water create various phases. Although most phases have been well investigated down to the molecular level, the molecular structure of the nanomeniscus, a ubiqui
The existence of 2D ice was first confirmed by experiments combined with molecular simulation39. The liquid-to-BHI transition on different smooth surfaces was revealed based on molecular simulation40,41. In addition, the ice nucleation characteristics and de-icing mechanism of supercooled water ...
Clothianidin crystallizes under normal laboratory conditions using common solvents as needlelike crystals containing no additional solvent or water molecules. The best-quality crystals for X-ray structure analysis were obtained by slow evaporation of a methanol/H2O (1:1) solution at room temperature. ...
Electrolytes play an important role in the internal structure and dynamics of water-rich satellites and potentially water-rich exoplanets. However, in planets, the presence of a large high-pressure ice mantle is thought to hinder the exchange and transport of electrolytes between various liquid and ...
Elford BC, Walter CA (1972) Effects of electrolyte composition and pH on the structure and function of smooth muscle cooled to −79 °C in unfrozen media. Cryobiology 9:82–100 Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Boutron P, Alben R (1975) Structural model for amorphous solid water. J ...
The basal thermal regime defines whether or not liquid water can reside at the ice–bedrock interface (Paterson, 1994; Fountain and Walder, 1998). It has a first-order control on the type of subglacial drainage system that is present, which in turn defines the geochemical weathering environment...
Adaptations like those that would initiate atmospheric water phase transitions to trigger deposition, could promote survival and successful dispersal for such biogenic materials. That said, both the biological and fundamental molecular-level physical understanding of nucleation in the atmosphere is lacking. ...
Water can freeze into diverse ice polymorphs depending on the external conditions such as temperature (T) and pressure (P). Herein, molecular dynamics simulations show evidence of a high-density orthorhombic phase, termed ice χ, forming spontaneously fr
The microscopic mechanism of homogenous ice nucleation in pure water and aqueous solutions has been intensively studied over the past few decades. Although no consensus has been reached yet, the development of solute-free water domains of tetrahedrally coordinated structure is still regarded as the ...
The self-assembly of platelets into the observed brick-and-mortar structure is remarkable. Based on observations of the freezing process with a high resolution light microscope, it is possible that when the slurry is cooled and ice crystals start to form, water diffuses from the polymer solution...