At the open neural plate, the rostral forebrain primordium contains the prospective hypothalamus as a large area centered upon the alar, basal, and floor portions of the terminal wall, its caudal part covering as well a rostral part of the lateral wall, whereas the prospective telencephalon forms...
The middle region of the hypothalamus is known as the tuberal region and its primary nuclei are the ventromedial and arcuate nuclei. The ventromedial nucleus controls the appetite and the arcuate nucleus releases the growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), which stimulates the pituitary gland to pr...
Structure and boundaries The hypothalamus extends from the lamina terminalis (a thin membrane between the anterior commissure and the optic chiasm) anteriorly, to the tegmentum of the midbrain posteriorly. Its superior border is marked by the hypothalamic sulcus, a shallow groove which separates it...
The hypothalamus is highly connected to other higher structures of the central nervous system (eg, limbic system) and with the pituitary gland downstream. Because of its unconscious and regulatory functions, the hypothalamus is a major component of the autonomic nervous system. In vertebrates, the ...
Directionally, the hypothalamus is found in thediencephalon. It is inferior to thethalamus, posterior to the optic chiasm, and bordered on the sides by thetemporal lobesand optic tracts. The location of the hypothalamus, specifically its close proximity to and interactions with the thalamus and pit...
In addition to minimal pre-processing, we corrected rs-fMRI data for physiological noise. This was a key aspect of our pre-processing as physiological noise particularly affects subcortical and brainstem regions and thus, the hypothalamus and its connected regions. This step and its resulting benefit...
(MnPO) at its center, an area that from here on we refer to as the anterior ventromedial preoptic area (VMPO). A subset of VMPO neurons has been shown to respond to acute heat exposure and, in accordance with their predicted homeostatic function, acute optogenetic and chemogenetic ...
(Its functions include elevation of blood pressure, pupillary dilation, and shivering or body heat conservation。显然都是交感系统兴奋的结果,应该对应着交感的ganglion活动的结果。Descending efferents from the nucleus synapse on the sympathetic neurons of the spinal cord, which exist in the thoracic and ...
(MnPO) at its center, an area that from here on we refer to as the anterior ventromedial preoptic area (VMPO). A subset of VMPO neurons has been shown to respond to acute heat exposure and, in accordance with their predicted homeostatic function, acute optogenetic and chemogenetic ...
Regulation of the pituitary somatotroph cell by GHRH and its receptor. Recent Prog. Horm. Res. 55, 237–267 (2000). Google Scholar Takahashi, K. A. & Cone, R. D. Fasting induces a large, leptin-dependent increase in the intrinsic action potential frequency of orexigenic arcuate nucleus ...