It is thought that it may develop at an important and specific embryonic time period of neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation in the brain [13, 14]. Congenital hydrocephalus may occur alone (non-syndromic) or as part of a syndrome with other anomalies (syndromic) [15, 16]. In...
the clear fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord, is unable to drain from the brain. As CSF continues to accumulate, it can widen the spaces in the brain called ventricles and eventually place pressure on surrounding brain tissues. The build-up tends to occur when an obstruction...
Hydrocephalus in pediatric population is an entity that has been the focus of many studies. Hydrocephalus in children may occur due to a multiple number of causes and if left untreated has a lethal outcome. Postinfective hydrocephalus (PIH) may be defined as hydrocephalus associated with infectious...
Trauma:If there are injuries to the head of the baby, bleeding might occur within the skull. This leads to a similar result, and the mixture of blood and CSF causes the fluid pressure around the brain to rise. Infections:Some infections which affect the central nervous system may cause infl...
Much of what we know about the choroid plexus has been elucidated through “adult” models which may not be ideal for studying a primarily infantile condition such as hydrocephalus. In fact, if we consider the early drug trials of Lasix in the treatment of PHH in infants, the studies by ...
(CSF) overproduction, malabsorption, or mechanical blockage of flow. Hydrocephalus is observed in approximately 1 in 1000 births but may occur at any age including a poorly understood “normal pressure hydrocephalus” found in the elderly1. Depending on severity and duration, hydrocephalus may cause ...
Communicating or non-obstructive hydrocephalus: it occurs when the CSF circulation around the brain is disturbed or if the absorption sites are non-functioning. The major causes of communicating hydrocephalus may be grouped into two categories: Hydrocephalus due to excessive production of CSF caused ...
hydrocephalus as the arachnoid granulations had lost the absorptive capacity. Choroid plexus coagulation can be used for cases over-production of CSF. Repeat lumbar punctures can be done in cases of communicating hydrocephalus if it’s considered that spontaneous resorption is likely to occur. ...
In rare cases, over-drainage may occur. The cerebral pressure lowers too much, the cerebral ventricles are virtually squeezed out. Until now, physicians could only detect and verify such over-drainage through elaborate and costly computer and magnetic resonance tomography. ...
Theprognosis(outlook) with hydrocephalus depends the cause and the timing of the diagnosis and treatment. Many children treated for hydrocephalus are able to lead normal lives with few, if any, limitations. In some cases,cognitiveimpairments in language and non-language functions may occur. Problems...