It has been suggested in the literature that pictorial scales are less mentally demanding than verbal scales (e.g. Wissmath et al., 2010). We assume that the pictorial representations have a facilitating effect on questionnaire completion, providing more direct access to the intended meaning. ...
Heavy oil mode is adopted for normal navigation in the ocean. When sailing in ports or special areas, the ship needs to switch to light oil mode in order to meet the demand for low emissions. The change of working modes leads to a great change of system state parameters and significantly...