Most orbit skull types were megaseme in nearly 61%, and orbital asymmetry was also observed. However, the right orbit (26.07 ± 2.106) was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) than left orbit (24.80 ± 1.850). The most common shape of the foramen magnum was the oval-like ...
Each healthy skull contains the complete anatomical structures of human skulls, including the cranial bones, facial bones and other subtle structures. For each craniotomy skull, a part of the cranial bone is missing, leaving a defect on the skull. The defects have various sizes, shapes and ...
(ii) skull stripping by a learning-based method44; (iii) intensity inhomogeneity correction by N345; (iv) brain tissue segmentation by an infant dedicated learning-based method46; (v) hemisphere separation and subcortical filling; and (vi) topologically-correct cortical surface reconstruction47...
considering normal-range variation in cranial vault morphology, genome-wide QTL studies of skull shape in mice have implicated a few dozen genes, including some with effects on the vault20,21,22. In humans, two candidate gene studies have reported associations between common variants inFGFR1and cr...
There are two types of bone in the skeleton: the flat bones (for example, the bones of the skull and ribs) and the long bones (for example, the femur and the bones of the hand and feet). Both types are characterized by an outer layer of dense, compact bone, known as cortical bone...
which can include skull abnormalities. On 22q13.31,rs9615351is an exonic variant of a gene involved in planar cell polarity,CELSR163. On Xp22.33, rs12400461 is close to pseudogeneASS1P4and upstream ofMXRA5; the latter encodes a matrix remodelling-associated protein and is implicated in autism...
used to sex modern cremated remains, indicating that sexually diagnostic traits differ between populations across time and space. Nonetheless, they suggest that, for ancient populations with large sample sizes, thestatistical methodsused in this study may be able to differentiate male and female ...
Subsequently, we carefully isolated the whole human brain with these major vessels and connected eyes (with a volume of ∼1,344 cm3 and dimensions of ∼15.0 × 10.4 × 14.4 cm) from the skull. Then, we set up a pressure-driven pumping system to circulate all clearing reagents and cell...
and shape between sexes diverge at around 12 years of age, and continue slightly diverging until old age. The differential ontogenetic trends cause adult male ribcages to become deeper, shorter, and wider than female. Our results are consistent with the evidence from the cranial respiratory ...
After the proper anesthetic depth was reached, the skull was exposed, and the surrounding skin and tissue were retracted. The skull was then cleaned of any connective tissue and scored to improve adhesion and mechanical stability. A bone screw (19010-00; FST), with a short piece of stainless...