(68, 69). Briefly, standard curves were constructed using PCR products of the 16S rRNA gene for the target microbial genera. The PCR products were purified and serially diluted to obtain standards ranging from 104 to 108 gene copies. Amplification reactions were performed on a total volume of ...
How to Obfuscate Programs Directly 445 a small "working state" and read off a (multi-bit) output from that state at the end of the computation. 1.2 Our Techniques We now give an overview of our techniques, and explain how they relate to other known approaches. To keep the presentation ...
The initial rates of reaction were calculated using the linear portion of the enzyme curves. Data were normalized using the initial rate of reaction at 25 °C as 100% recovered activity. (All are mean of triplicate ± 1 s.d.; some error bars are too small to be visible.) (Fig....
The ANCOM [60] and Metastats [61] tests were applied to find differential abundances of OTUs among the six host plant species. Rarefaction and extrapolation curves were calculated and plotted to estimate the sampling coverage of metabarcoding data using the R “iNEXT” package (iNterpolation/...
∑ COEEtj,r =∑ COQtj,r tj,r tj,r (2) TCtj,r denotes the total costs related to emissions reduction of the trading sector tj in region r. Ctj,r is the abatement cost function which is derived from the marginal abatement cost curves. COEtj,r and COEEtj,r are the emissions in ...
Finally, the analysis was conducted under various scenarios to determine the validity of energy storage cost effectiveness. Keywords: energy storage; wind generation; solar photovoltaic generation; operating cost 1. Introduction With increasing requests to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, renewable ...