These systems are used for measuring the thickness of films or other semiconductor materials. The measurement is taken using light reflections and a computer to process and display the reading. The thickness measurement range is from 1 nm to 1 mm. These systems are usually used in scientific lab...
TL;DR (Too Long; Didn't Read) Since capacity is different from outside volume, you need to measure the inside dimensions if the cylinder has thick walls. Volume and Capacity The words "volume" and "capacity" are often used interchangeably, but they mean different things. The volume of a ...
How to Calculate the Volume of a Cylinder The volume of the cylinder is the product of its length or height (h) and the area of its cross-section, which you determine by measuring radius (r). The mathematical formula is: A = \pi r^2 \implies V = \pi r^2 h In practice, it's...
(RF). I recommend buying some books regarding what there is to learn as well as joining a club to advocate and perform"Fox Hunts", also know as Radio Direction Finding (RDF). RDF is great to read into for sport and optimizingantenna designsanddetection proceduresto be directional for use ...
More than 100 years ago the Wright brothers made their historic first flight in Kitty Hawk, N.C. Even after all these years, their creation still boggles the mind: How can something so heavy take to the air?
How to Read a Geiger Counter? Geiger counters are normally read in terms of “counts per minute” or the number of ion pairs created every 60 seconds. Every time an ion pair forms, a click is heard. Count the number of clicks to know the amount of radiation entering the Geiger counter...
you might have to turn a dial or slide a slider. But the key point is that if the scale has nothing on it, it should read zero kilograms. If it doesn't, then the scale needs to be calibrated. You can check the calibration of the scale by using a standard 1 kilogram weight and ...
Describe in detail how to calibrate a thermometer and pipette. Calibration: Calibration is an activity through which we check and compare the accuracy of measuring instruments with any type and we compare it with the standard. It also includes adjusting the instrument. Answer and Explanation: 1...
to the opposite outside edge, measuring straight across the face of the pipe or across a cross-section that runs perpendicular to the pipe's long axis. If you have access to the end of the pipe, you can simply measure its outside diameter with a ruler or measuring tape. If you can'...
How to Take Measurements With a Meniscus When you read a scale on the side of a container with a meniscus, such as a graduated cylinder orvolumetric flask, it's important that the measurement accounts for the meniscus. Measure so that the line you are reading is even with the center of ...