The size of steel beams chosen in residential and commercial construction projects is critical to the integrity of the structure they are being used to build. The most common type of steel beam used in construction is the I-beam, which is also known as a
A steel I-beam's shape consists of three solid, rectangular pieces welded together. Each of these must be measured to determine the I-beam's volume. First, measure the length of the steel I-beam in inches. For example, the length may be 130 inches. Second, measure the thickness and wi...
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a steel beam with a floor slab capable of restraining out-of-structure deformation of the upper flange of the steel beam due to lateral buckling and ensuring sufficient deformation ability even when the steel beam is long, and a method for designing the same...
These measure the depth and area of a depression by a harder material, including a steel ball, diamond, or another indenter. 8. Plasticity Plasticity, the converse of elasticity, describes the tendency of a certain solid material to hold its new shape when subjected to forming forces. It ...
Glulamis made from long, parallel pieces of wood glued together with adhesives. The planks can be bent and curved, are strongerin tensionthan in compression, and are pound for poundstronger than steel. Typical uses include structural posts, columns, and beams. Glulam’s ability to span large ...
Torque Measurement Sensor is defined as a transducer for measuring torque and converts it into an electrical output signal (aka Torque Transducers or Torque Sensing Cell). How to Measure torque? There are two types of torque sensors: Reaction Torque Sens
Figure 2– Antenna mount unclamped from top of monopod. The black plastic fitting (at right, with wedge-shape) fits into slot on platform at top of monopod (at left) and clamps in with cam arm. Large steel screw attaches wedge fitting to antenna mount case. Ruler shows scale of things....
As we saw in the sections above, strain gauge-based load cells measure force via strain gauges that are connected in a Wheatstone bridge circuit. Piezoelectric sensors (or Piezo sensors) apply different mechanics to measure force. The unit has two crystal disks with an electrode foil mounted in...
extra support for the tunnel roof and walls may not be required. However, most tunnels pass through rock that contains breaks or pockets of fractured rock, so engineers must add additional support in the form of bolts, sprayed concrete or rings of steel beams. In most cases, they add a pe...
The first two variables are dependent ontheengineerstomeasure. However, the factor of the availability of technical support depends entirely on theconstructionequipment that’s available. For that matter, it has to be mentioned that there are a variety oftypes of construction equipmentreadily available...