All species had a characteristic colony size at maturation, which varied ninefold among taxa, corresponding to a minimum puberty age of 1-3 yr. This is the first comparative study to simultaneously measure male and female function in a range of clonal animals.doi:10.2307/2265518...
Our review clarifies what defines the different facets of growth (Figs 1, 2; Table 2), how to measure them, and why understanding growth control and measuring growth in its different facets is important. We conclude with personal statements on three growing scientific fronts. Firstly, we argue...
This paper is meant to be a comprehensive how to guide to help measure voltage, measure current, and measure power with computer based instrumentation.
Finally, it is critical to measure the queue length of your message broker and ensure that too much “back pressure” isn’t being created in the system. If you find that your tasks are sitting in a queued state for a long period of time and the queue length is consistently growing, ...
2.1.1. Change from Spruce to Beech (SMM-1) Exchanging Norway spruce with more climate change-resistant tree species is the most prominent adaptation measure in Austrian forests [29,36]. European beech is among the stand-forming trees used as climate-fit alternatives, where possible [32,33]....
A country’s GDP represents the final market value of all the products and services that a country produces in a single year. Another way to measure GDP is as the sum of four factors: consumer spending, government spending, net exports, and total investment. ...
Employee engagement is arguably one of the most important factors in your company's bottom line, but it can also be one of the most challenging things to quantify. Knowing how to measure employee engagement is crucial, though, if you want to get (and stay) profitable. Here are seven steps...
Therefore, benchmarking allows you to interpret your survey results meaningfully, offers you a clearer picture, and helps you measure the real success of your efforts. 8. Avoid Considering Incorrect or Incomplete Responses It is common for people to leave your survey midway and submit incomplete su...
COGS is also used to determine gross profit, which is another metric that managers, investors and lenders may use to gauge the efficiency of a company’s production processes. Drawbacks and Limitations of COGS While COGS is a critical measure for understanding a business’s direct costs...
While many use this formula tomeasure productivity, a project that runs over budget from the get-go may also indicate efficiency problems 4. Calculate efficiency over time Calculating efficiency over time is simply figuring out which employees and processes produce the highest value for an organizatio...