Corruption undermines economic development and damages social stability.1 The current literature on corruption comprises of empirical cross-country analyses and surveys demonstrating perceived corruption's macrolevel harmful impact on economic, political, and social outcomes in a country.2 Corruption impedes...
In the extant literature,there is no inquiry on how anti- corruption efforts affect public perceptions of corruption. This paper investigates how the public's perception of corruption changes when leading cadres are found to be corrupt. This study uses the corruption investigations of two Municipal ...
The present study contributes to the literature on the value relevance of CSP in a number of ways. Firstly, the utilization of a widely used aggregate measure of CSP may lead to potentially misleading outcomes, as it masks the heterogeneous effects of different dimensions of CSP (Johnson and Gr...
It represents a significant regulatory measure to protect investors and restore confidence in the financial markets. Consider the fact that Denmark, Finland and New Zealand — recognized as the least corrupt countries in the world6 — all established a ...
fact that FOP labelling laws passed in other countries in the region were adopted by governments that came from similar ideological perspectives as the two major coalitions in Congress at the time. The latter lent the bill a degree of credibility as an innovative and politically viable measure: ...
Perceived fairness is a subjective measure of people’s feelings on health care inequality. Together, they can provide an overall description of the public’s perception on the health system. In addition to describing the trends, we adopt a previous analytical framework of satisfaction with the ...
Our measure of globalization is generated from the KOF Globalization Index (of more than 200 countries for the year 2017), published by the KOF Swiss Economic InstituteFootnote 2 [26]. The KOF Globalization Index is made up of 44 individual variables (24 de facto and 20 de jure components)...
It provides a framework for organisations of all sizes to measure, reduce and offset emissions. TOOLKIT: RESILIENCE New Zealand's Resilient Organisations has created a step- by-step checklist applicable to any organisation so that they can tackle, survive and thrive through any dis...
‘too professional’ not to measure the activists up, Interviewee #2 (2022) mentioned that the party elite shape their manoeuvres according to the potential responses, even adding that ‘SPD (executive) pays too much attention (to activists)’. Interviewee #5 (2023) quite directly stated that ...
A third indicator considers both variability and balance, thus accounting for the (un)even distribution of information types in the frequency of their utilization (Schaeffer, 2016): the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index (HHI) is a concentration measure that uses categorical shares to calculate the relative...