shade-providing leguminous tree species have been found to compete with coffee plants for soil and water during severe drought, resulting in mortality of coffee plantation. Stuck in a vicious cycle, deforestation due to coffee plantations not only reduces carbon sinks but also eliminates critical hab...
Avoiding the loss of shade coffee plantations: how to derive conservation payments for risk-averse land-users. Agroforestry Systems, 1-17.Castro L, Calvas B, Hildebrandt P, Knoke T (2012) Avoiding the loss of shade coffee plantations: how to derive conservation payments for risk-averse land-...
“With two or three species growing alongside coffee, producers need to manage the additional crops, including pruning and maintenance,” says Ronald baião de Oliveira, an agronomist atEmater Minas Gerais. “Sometimes, producers lack the knowledge or workforce to handle these tasks. “Excessive sh...
dominance of Arabica coffee plantations in a mountainous terrain. The production is dispersed and carried out predominantly by smallholder growers living in isolated areas with limited infrastructure. The two communities also have a long farming tradition, a wealth of experiential knowledge, and a strong...
Latest update March 2021 When sales and market shares of various certified coffees come out, I try to put them together in a post. Each certification scheme tends to announce them at different times of the year, and provides slightly
However, its most recent applications to ecology, social•ecological systems and disaster management assume that the normal state of ecological and socio-ecological systems is change, which often cannot be predicted. Resilience is the capacity of a social•ecological system to manage social, ...
small plantation-holder families frequently struggle to make a livelihood from their coffee farming because of low yields, their inability to get a desired market price, or their inability to manage production costs. Female farmers also work extensively on these coffee plantations and are often underp...
Coffee is a main source of income in for people who live in regions where it grows wild. The solution isn’t prohibition, but probably some sort of incentive or compensation to manage the coffee in such a way that forest integrity and species are conserved. One idea being explored is some...
Is the farm small enough to be managed by hand, or does it require (often expensive) machinery, like tractors? In the case of fishing, are the boats large or small, using huge nets or small ones? If land is managed by tractor, how much land does one worker manage? Scale connects ...
“impose”the differences between used to and be used to on us. Sometimes he would go on with the explanation for 20 minutes or so. He even summarized the differences by listing three or four points for us to memorize. However, they could never stay in my head . I don’t remember ...