In addition to feeling substantively represented, we also highlight that it is probable that citizens may feel descriptively represented. Where the English word ‘representation’ does not directly allow for fine-grained differentiation, Pitkin (1967) drew on the German words ‘vertreten’ (to act f...
In general, variances tests assess the variability of the data in multiple groups to determine whether they are different.Varianceis a measure of variability that uses squared units, which makes it hard for us humans to interpret. However, various statistical procedures include variances in their ca...
Note: Tukey’s HSD test is conservative and increases the critical value to control the experimentwise type I error rate (or FWER). If you have a large number of comparisons (say > 10 or 20) to make using Tukey’s test, there may be chances that you may not get significant results f...
For this purpose, SHAP values were utilized to interpret these impacts by calculating the performance of the model with and without the feature. In this manner, the individual impact of each factor on fuel consumption can be estimated, as well as the interactive effects between different factors....
The PH2 factor analysis did not extract any factor matching its original subscales, and factors extracted were rather difficult to interpret. Once again, this lends support to multiple reviewers who have queried PH2 subscales’ validity (Byrne 1996; Marsh and Holmes 1990; Wylie 1989) and who ha...
To interpret this more, the Passed normality test (alpha = 0.05) will state is the normality tests have passed, which they have done in this example. Other ways to investigate normality There are other useful ways to investigate the distribution of data to decide whether it is normally distrib...
In Experiment 1, we test whether children interpret unknown number words differently than other quantifiers. Specifically, we test whether children’s knowledge that number words contrast with one another leads them to interpret numbers distinctly from other quantifiers, and to associate them with ...
Further research should shed more light not only on how the public interest is constructed, but also how decision makers interpret and evaluate these claims. Furthermore, many of the instances of public interest augmentation raise the question of whether or not use of this type of argument is ...
How do children arbi- trate between these sources to accurately infer a speaker's intention? When information integration is studied directly, the focus is mostly on how children interpret or learn words in light of social-contextual information24–32. In one classic study33, children faced a ...
All of the radiological outcomes were applied as initial potential predictors to develop the prediction models for clinical outcomes [37,38]. We used the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) and Bartlett’s test as well as correlation analysis among variables to evaluate the multicollinearity of independent ...