2. Normality The data should follow a normal distribution in each group.Normalitycan be visually assessed usinghistogramsorquantile-quantile (Q-Q) plots, or tested using formal tests such as theShapiro-Wilk testor the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. However, t-tests are relatively robust to violations o...
Here, we tested the abilities of 3 to 5-year-old children, chimpanzees, and capuchin monkeys in a unified and more ecologically valid task design based on the concept of “overhypotheses” (Goodman, 1955). Participants sampled high- and low-valued items from containers that either each ...
Employees who perceive their supervisors to listen well enjoy multiple benefits, including enhanced well-being. However, concerns regarding the construct validity of perceived-listening measures raise doubts about such conclusions. The perception of listening quality may reflect two factors: constructive and...
Care must therefore be taken not to infer changes in N. flexilis abundance from short term fluctuations in the number of seeds found in the core. As an annual plant with an ability to disperse away from the parent plant, N. flexilis has the potential to change its distribution within a ...
There were no missing data due to the data collection procedure. We performed normality tests, and variables did not present any problems. The exception was the performance scale, which showed negative skewness, typical for this self-report variable. Before performing the cluster analysis, we conduc...
Since Santong food products are required to conform to the corresponding standards of export target markets, the export target market may be used as an important signal to infer the required quality of Santong food products by consumers. For example, as the third-largest agricultural export market...
stands for residual normality test; RESET stands for Ramsey regression specification test. Such hidden dependence can be revealed by appropriate data ordering choice, as shown by Qin and Liu [36]. Their choice is based on the observation that many economic variables are scale related and that it...