From the March 2018 issue A vehicle’s center of gravity, or CG, is the theoretical point where the sum of all of the masses of each of its individual components effectively act. In other words, from a physics perspective, a vehicle behaves like its entire weight resides at this one poin...
Based on where springs are located on a car — i.e., between the wheels and the frame — engineers often find it convenient to talk about the sprung mass and the unsprung mass. Springs: Sprung and Unsprung Mass The sprung mass is the mass of the vehicle supported on the springs, while...
Theignition system(Figure 6) produces a high-voltage electrical charge and transmits it to the spark plugs viaignition wires. The charge first flows to adistributor, which you can easily find under the hood of most cars. The distributor has one wire going in the center and four, six or e...
However, due to flexibility reasons or unavailability of rail networks OEMs are often forced to opt for road transportation. Virtually every passenger vehicle is transported via truck on the last mile. In research the problem of delivering finished vehicles via truck is known as the auto-carrier ...
While looking to find a vehicle to add to Vehicle Tracking for Civil 3D, the desired vehicle does not exist within the Vehicle Library Explorer. How can additional and or custom vehicles be added to the Vehicle Tracking Content Library for analysis purpo
The battery makes 12-volt power available to everything in the car needing electricity (the ignition system, radio, headlights, windshield wipers, power windows and seats, computers, etc.) through the vehicle's wiring. Now that you know all about the main engine subsystems, let's look at ...
First, we try to find the differences in travel behavior in the pre and post COVID-19 period. Second, we consider the user heterogeneity and study the preference of different groups to the customized bus services. Third, we provide constructive suggestions for managing the significant changes in...
The reason is that each gear is good only for a certain vehicle speed, so if you need to keep accelerating, the transmission will shift up through the gears — first 1, then 2 and so forth. But a continuously variable transmission technically has no gears. Instead, it’s like having one...
An increasing number of companies have realized that it is difficult to meet consumers’ green needs by only producing brown products [1]. In order to respond to and capitalize on consumers’ growing demand for green products [2,3,4], companies are expanding their market share by introducing ...
with social services and is obliged to wait before receiving her financial support. In contrast, on the same day, we met a bank employee in his early thirties who clearly lacked this woman’s patience. He had come to the police station to report damage to his vehicle in order to make ...