You can think about electrons being ordered into rings around the nucleus of an atom. The first ring must contain two electrons to be full. The next must contain eight. In general, once the valence shell is full, the atom is happy. It neither wants to gain or lose an electron. What I...
but i still worried but i used to but i was like give m but i will be near ev but i will leave a fe but i will stand and but i will still i wi but i will surely buy but ill be close behi but ill keep waiting but ill never find but ill never go danc but ill try for ...
If the rest energies of a proton and a neutron (the two constituents of nuclei) are 938.3 and 939.6 MeV respectively, what is the difference in their masses in kilograms? The mass of a _3^7Li nucleus is 0.042. amu less when compared to the sum of the masses of 3 protons ...
And this "nucleus" must be positively charged. Since the total charge of the atom had to be neutral, then the electrons must be very very tiny and swimming, orbiting or dancing around that nucleus in a loose cloud. So, when the alpha particles blasted through, they almost always ...
The number of ions in a compound depends on the structure of the compound and the oxidation states of the elements within the compound. An element's oxidation state is the number of electrons that an atom possesses or lacks relative to the number of protons in its nucleus. This determines ...
Because they are underground, they are hard to find and extremely difficult to strike. The U.S. military has developed several different weapons to attack these underground fortresses. Known as bunker busters, these bombs penetrate deep into the earth or right through a dozen feet of reinforced...
The number of ions in a compound depends on the structure of the compound and the oxidation states of the elements within the compound. An element's oxidation state is the number of electrons that an atom possesses or lacks relative to the number of protons in its nucleus. This determines ...
Electrons occupy different energy levels, or orbitals, around an atom's nucleus. When an electron drops to a lower orbital, it needs to release some energy -- it releases the extra energy in the form of a photon. The energy level of the photon depends on how far the electron dropped ...
Viruses, including HIV, don't have cell walls or a nucleus. Basically, viruses are made up of genetic instructions wrapped inside a protective shell. An HIV particle, called a virion, is spherical and has a diameter of about one 10,000th of a millimeter. HIV infects one particular type ...
However, ionizing radiation is so high in energy it can break chemical bonds -- meaning it can charge (or ionize) an atom that interacts with it. At a lower energy, it may strip off a couple of electrons. At a higher energy, it can destroy the nucleus of an atom. This means that ...