There are basically three competing energies, namely vortex-vortex repulsion, vortex pinning, and thermal fluctuations, that determine the state of vortex matter3,4. While vortex-vortex repulsion gives rise to an ordered vortex lattice, vortex pinning and thermal fluctuations make the lattice ...
There are basically three competing energies, namely vortex-vortex repulsion, vortex pinning and thermal fluctuations, that determine the state of vortex matter3,4. While vortex-vortex repulsion gives rise to an ordered vortex lattice, vortex pinning and thermal fluctuations make the lattice disordered...
One of the ways to determine the permeability of porous or non-porous membranes for specific gases at controlled pressure gradients is to use the integral manometric method [19]. The relevant experimental device consists of two chambers separated by a membrane and integrates a gas inlet and a pr...