To determine how close together on a gene two alleles are using reproductive data alone – that is, to solvegene mappingproblems – scientists look at the difference between the predicted phenotypic ratios in a population of offspring and the actual ratios. This is done by crossing a "dihybrid...
Does the gender of the child also determine what allele they receive from their parents? What is the phenotypic ratio for the offspring of a mother who is homozygous dominant for blonde hair and a blonde-haired father who is heterozygous? a. 1:1 blonde hair to brown hair b. 3:1 blonde...
Now, the initial variance components are not directly relevant, because very rare alleles, which initially make hardly any contribution to the variance components, can increase to determine the ultimate response. Nevertheless, we can compare the total change in mean with that what would be achieved...
Dynamic epistasis analysis is based on classical epistasis analysis, a method to interpret phenotypic growth defects from genetic interactions that allows one to determine whether perturbed factors act in the same or different pathways36. Dynamic epistasis analysis compares, for each dynamic parameter of...
How serious is the assumption of no phenotypic variation in optimality models? A sex ratio example[J].South African Journal of Science,1998.269-270.Greeff, J. M. 1998 . How serious is the assumption of no phenotypic variation in optimality models? A sex ratio example. S. Afr. J. Sci 94...
It is important to examine the cell culture every day, and immediately prior to subculturing, as a means to monitor cell health, check for contamination, and determine when to split the cells. A first examination of the culture for fungal contamination, turbidity, and particles in the...
The free drug concentration in the tissues may still be very useful, which is very difficult to measure. Its use for lead drug candidate selection may still be debatable. Several methods are available to determine free unbound drugs (fu) in the tissues, among which equilibrium dialysis is the...
How is a Punnett square used to determine the probability of inheriting a genetic trait? What is the phenotypic ratio for a dihybrid cross? Show the possible genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring from a cross between a homozygous male with type A blood and a homozygous female with type ...
dependent on the offspring sex as Box 1 How to Examine the Estrous Cycle in Rodents One simple way in which cyclicity can be examined is to collect vaginal smears on the day of testing and used to determine cycle stage in females as described previously (Nelson et al, 1982; Caligioni, ...
Finally, future work could explore proximal molecular mediators (e.g., breast tissue gene expression and methylation) to determine if early-life and adult adiposity have different effects on breast biology, which would be a critical step in deciphering the protective effect investigated in this work...